There's a chance it was low on fluid or starved of fluid.
Could be a clogged filter if it was never changed, along with a trans that never saw service. Then if a bunch of crud was released with the new fluid and clogged the filter, could create your scenario. Only downside is the possibility of the clutches getting smoked from pressure loss.
Check the fluid level cold with the engine OFF. Then check the fluid with the engine running, did the fluid level stay the same or drop?
If the fluid level stayed the same, I would suspect the pump.
Either way, I would drop the pan, change the filter, don't worry about the new seal at this point, if the filter takes a good hard tug to remove, just replace the filter for now.
Refill with some cheap wally world SuperTech ATF. If by chance it works, I would drive it for a few hundred miles then replace the filter again and fill with Valvoline MaxLife.
Does the fluid look pinkish or dark and burnt?